Michael J. Mazza has written a politically left article on extra ecclesiam nulla salus for EWTN in which in confused what is invisible as being visible and then projects practical exceptions for EENS.

The Church Fathers are unanimous on the extra ecclesiam nulla salus (EENS) as long as theologians today do not confuse invisible cases of the baptism of desire and being saved in invincible ignorance as being visible exceptions for the dogma extra ecclesiam nulla salus. The dogma was defined by three Church Councils.They did not mention any exceptions.

At the practical level, in 1965 -2022,we know that there are no physically visible exceptions for EENS. We also know that there are no physically visible exceptions for EENS mentioned in Vatican Council II. Since LG 8,LG 14,LG 16, UR 3, NA 2, GS 22 etc refer to hypothetical cases only.

Michael Mazza has written a political left piece on EENS in which in confuses what is invisible as being visible and then projects practical exceptions for EENS.This is an objective and factual error.- Lione Andrades

Extra Ecclesiam Nulla Salus (Outside the Church there is no salvation)

https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/extra-ecclesiam-nulla-salus-outside-the-church-there-is-no-salvation-1012